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Industrial & Labour Law - Examination Questions Complete Guide

Submitted by Prateek Kher on

🏆 TOP 5 MUST-STUDY QUESTIONS (GUARANTEED TO APPEAR)

Question #1 Trade Union - Rights, Liabilities & Privileges 100% Frequency

What Examiners Ask:

  • Grounds for recognition and revocation
  • Rights of registered unions
  • Liabilities and responsibilities
  • Privileges and immunities
  • General fund management
Years Appeared: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2024 (Every Year)
Question #2 Factories Act - Health & Safety Provisions 100% Frequency

What Examiners Ask:

  • Health and safety standards
  • Welfare provisions
  • Restrictions on women employment
  • Restrictions on young persons
  • Penalties for violations
  • Role of welfare officer
Years Appeared: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2024 (Every Year)
Question #3 Definition of "Industry" 83% Frequency (5/6)

What Examiners Ask:

  • Definition with judicial decisions
  • Is Hospital/University/Club an industry?
  • Scope and exclusions
  • Case law references
  • Industrial vs. non-industrial
Years Appeared: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2022, 2024
Question #4 Minimum Wages Act - Fixation Procedure 83% Frequency (5/6)

What Examiners Ask:

  • Procedure for fixation
  • Authorities involved
  • Wage Board and Pay Commission
  • Payment rules
  • Adjustment mechanisms
Years Appeared: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2024
Question #5 Strike - Definition & Legal Status 83% Frequency (5/6)

What Examiners Ask:

  • Definition and essential elements
  • When strike is legal
  • When strike is illegal
  • Public utility exceptions
  • Notice requirements
Years Appeared: 2017, 2018, 2019, 2024

📚 OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS (50% Frequency)

  • Industrial Disputes Settlement - Reference to Board/Court/Tribunal
  • Wages - Definition & Components - Payment of Wages Act
  • Labour Problems in India - Causes and reasons
  • Retrenchment - Definition and essential elements
  • Award & Tribunal - Definition and functions

📅 EXAM PATTERN BY YEAR

🎯 SMART STUDY STRATEGY (5-WEEK PLAN)

Phase 1 Week 1-2: Foundation Building
  • ☐ Trade Union - Complete study
  • ☐ Factories Act - All provisions
  • ☐ Definition of "Industry"
Phase 2 Week 3: Deep Dive
  • ☐ Minimum Wages Act - Fixation procedure
  • ☐ Strike - Definition and legality
  • ☐ Industrial Disputes Act - Settlement
Phase 3 Week 4: Supplementary Topics
  • ☐ Labour Problems - Causes
  • ☐ Wages - Components
  • ☐ Other topics (30-50% frequency)
Phase 4 Week 5: Revision & Practice
  • ☐ Practice previous year questions
  • ☐ Time-based mock exams
  • ☐ Short notes on all topics

📋 FREQUENCY BREAKDOWN

100% Frequency (Every Year)
✓ Trade Union (All aspects)
✓ Factories Act (Health & Safety)
83% Frequency (5 Years)
✓ Definition of "Industry"
✓ Minimum Wages Act
✓ Strike Definition
✓ Trade Union Registration
50% Frequency (3 Years)
✓ Industrial Disputes Settlement
✓ Wages Components
✓ Labour Problems
✓ Retrenchment
✓ Award & Tribunal
✓ Industrial Jurisprudence
17-33% Frequency (Occasional)
• Workmen's Compensation
• Lay-off
• Lock-out
• Public Utility Services

💡 ANSWER WRITING TIPS

For Definition Questions
  1. Provide legal definition (from Act)
  2. Cite relevant section number
  3. State essential characteristics
  4. Give 2-3 practical examples
  5. Conclude with implications
For Explanation Questions
  1. Introduction (definition)
  2. Main points (with sub-headings)
  3. Statistical data/examples
  4. Judicial decisions if applicable
  5. Practical implications
  6. Conclusion
For Short Notes (2-3 paragraphs each)
  • Concise but comprehensive
  • Key points only
  • No unnecessary details
  • Include examples
  • Focus on core concepts

🔑 KEY TOPICS QUICK REFERENCE

  • Definition and characteristics
  • Registration procedure (10 members min.)
  • Rights (legal status, privilege)
  • Liabilities (criminal liability)
  • General fund expenditure objects
  • Recognition (grounds and conditions)
  • Revocation (grounds)

  • Definition of factory
  • Health standards (lighting, ventilation, etc.)
  • Safety measures (machinery, hazards)
  • Welfare officer role
  • Restrictions on women (night work, etc.)
  • Restrictions on young persons
  • Penalties and offences

  • Judicial interpretation
  • Essential characteristics
  • Examples: Hospital, University, Club, etc.
  • Industrial vs. non-industrial
  • Services sector classification

  • Definition of minimum wages
  • Purpose and objectives
  • Fixation authorities
  • Fixation procedure (3-step)
  • Wage Board and Pay Commission
  • Periodic review and adjustment

  • Definition and legal concept
  • Essential elements
  • Legal vs. illegal strikes
  • Public utility service restrictions
  • Notice period requirements
  • Consequences of illegal strike

⏱️ TIME MANAGEMENT FOR EXAM

Total Time

3 Hours (180 min)

Number of Questions

5

Time per Question

36 minutes

Suggested Schedule:
  • 0-5 min: Read all questions carefully
  • 5-7 min: Select questions strategically
  • 7-12 min: Plan answers (rough notes)
  • 12-168 min: Write 5 answers (36 min each)
  • 168-180 min: Review and corrections

✅ EXAM DAY CHECKLIST

Before Exam:
  • ☐ Check question paper thoroughly (5 min)
  • ☐ Select questions based on strength
  • ☐ Write clearly and legibly
  • ☐ Use legal terminology
  • ☐ Include relevant acts/sections
During Exam:
  • ☐ Cite judicial decisions
  • ☐ Provide practical examples
  • ☐ Maintain proper structure
  • ☐ Leave 10 minutes for review
  • ☐ Check for spelling/grammar errors

📞 IMPORTANT ACTS TO MEMORIZE

📊 ONE-PAGE QUICK SUMMARY

Must Study
Trade Union

+ Factories Act

100%

Very Important
Industry

+ Min Wages + Strike

83%

Important
Disputes

+ Wages + Labour Problems

50%

Answer Strategy
5 Questions

36 min each (3 hrs)

Time Mgmt